Question

Ordinary soap is wasted in hard water. (Give Reason )
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Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

Ordinary soap is wasted in hard water because of the formation of water scum.

• Soaps are sodium salts represented by a long-chain fatty acid with a carboxylate ion($RCOO^{-}$) attached to a sodium ion($Na^{+}$). These two parts make up the hydrophobic tail and the hydrophilic head respectively.
• On dissolving in water, the two parts ionize and there is the formation of sodium hydroxide and a lot of lather.
• However, when dissolved in hard water, a greasy film is formed, which is hard to wash. This is called scum. This is due to the presence of calcium and magnesium salts in hard water.
• The calcium and magnesium ions in hard water react with soap and convert the sodium salt of the soap into corresponding calcium and magnesium salts which precipitate out as scum.
• Hence, soap does not work in hard water.