Question

✩✩✩✩✩

Out of benzene, m - dinitrobenzene and toluene which will undergo nitration most easily and why?

✩✩✩✩✩

Answer 1

toulene undergo Nitration more easily than meta dinitrobenzene because Nitration is electrophilic aromatic substitution to live in which the methyl group is present increases the electron density and facilitates the electrophilic attack on benzene ring

Answer 2

ɴɪᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ʙᴇɴᴢᴇɴᴇ ɪs ᴀɴ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏᴘʜɪʟɪᴄ sᴜʙsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴ ʀᴇʟᴇᴀsɪɴɢ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘ sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs —$ᴄʜ_{ 3 }$ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠᴀᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇɴᴢᴇɴᴇ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs ᴛᴏᴡᴀʀᴅs ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏᴘʜɪʟɪᴄ sᴜʙsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴ ᴡɪᴛʜᴅʀᴀᴡɪɴɢ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘ sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs —$ɴᴏ_{ 2 }$ ᴅᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴠᴀᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇɴᴢᴇɴᴇ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs ᴛᴏᴡᴀʀᴅs ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏᴘʜɪʟɪᴄ sᴜʙsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇғᴏʀᴇ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀsᴇ ᴏғ ɴɪᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇᴄʀᴇᴀsᴇs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀ
ᴛᴏʟᴜᴇɴᴇ > ʙᴇɴᴢᴇɴᴇ > ᴍ-ᴅɪɴɪᴛʀᴏʙᴇɴᴢᴇɴᴇ
ᴛʜᴜs, ᴛᴏʟᴜᴇɴᴇ ᴡɪʟʟ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀɢᴏ ɴɪᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴍᴏsᴛ ᴇᴀsɪʟʏ.