outline concepts and form of social mobility
Answers
Mobility means shift, change or movement. The change can refer to a change of place or a change from one position to another. So social mobility implies that people or individuals occupying a certain social position move to another position or status.
Types of social mobility:
1. Horizontal mobility - A person changes his occupation but his overall social standing remains the same. For example an engineer changes his occupation from working as an engineer and starts teaching engineering.
2. Vertical mobility - A change in the occupational, economic or political status of a person leads to a change in his position. The vertical mobility can be of two types - ascending and descending. For example a big businessman may face a loss in business and become bankrupt. This may lower his status.
3. Upward mobility - A person or group may move from lower to upper position. For example lower caste people winning in elections and gaining a higher status.
4. Downward mobility - A person loses his higher position and occupies a lower position.
5. Inter-Generational mobility - A generation changes its social status compared to the preceding generation.