Question

oxidation number of carbon in C4H8O3​

Answer 1

2-Hydroxybutyric acid (alpha-hydroxybutyrate) is an organic acid derived from alpha-ketobutyrate. alpha-Ketobutyrate is produced by amino acid catabolism (threonine and methionine) and glutathione anabolism (cysteine formation pathway) and is metabolized to propionyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (PMID: 20526369). 2-Hydroxybutyric acid is formed as a by-product of the formation of alpha-ketobutyrate via a reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alphaHBDH). alpha-Hydroxybutyric acid is primarily produced in mammalian hepatic tissues that catabolize L-threonine or synthesize glutathione. Oxidative stress or detoxification of xenobiotics in the liver can dramatically increase the rate of hepatic glutathione synthesis. Under such metabolic stress

Answer 2

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We know that sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements in a neutral compound is zero.

Let the oxidation number of carbon in C4H8O3 be x.

Also, Oxidation number of hydrogen, when it is bonded with a non-metal, is 1.

And, the oxidation number of oxygen is -2

Thus, 4x +1(8) + (-2)(3) = 0

=> 4x + 8 - 6 = 0

=> 4x + 2 = 0

=> x = -1/2

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