Question

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.. ...........​Explain the statement .....

Answer 1

Answer:

Noble gas configuration means 'having a completely filled outermost shell'. Only an atom having 'a completely filled outermost shell' or in other words, 'the noble gas configuration' can attain stability and thus exist independently. A completely filled outermost shell has 8 electrons in it.

So the atoms of elements who don't have a completely filled outermost shell have a great tendency to either gain or loose electrons according to their valency inorder to attain stability.

For elements having valency from 1-3, it is easier for them to loose their 1, 2 or 3 electrons than gaining 5, 6 or 7 electrons respectively. So, they loose thier small number of electrons in their last shell and thus become positively charged with 8 electrons in their outermost shells.

For elements having valency from 5-7, it is easier for them to gain 1, 2 or 3 electrons than loosing 5, 6 or 7 electrons. So, they gain the small number of electrons required by them to attain noble gas configuration from some other elements who want to loose their electrons ( elements with valency 1-3).

For elements having valency 4, most often, it is equally difficult for them to either gain or loose electrons as :

• If they loose 4 electrons, it is difficult for a nucleus with 4 protons ( i.e. 4 +ve charged ions) to hold on to just 2 electrons (i.e. 2 -ve charged ions).
• If they gain 4 electrons, is difficult for the nucleus with just for protons to hold on to 10 electrons.

For elements having valency 8, there is no need to gain or loose electrons as they already have a noble gas configuration!

The element having 1 electron in its outermost shells has a higher tendency to loose electrons than an element having 2 electrons in its outermost shell and is thus more reactive than the element with 2 electrons in the outermost shell. Similarly an element with 2 electrons in its outermost shell is more reactive than an element with 3 electrons in its outermost shell.

So automatically, element with valency 1 is more reactive than an element with valency 2 too!

Similarly enough, an element with valency 7 is more reactive than the elements with valency 6 or 5 as it has a higher tendency than both these elements to gain an electron and attain noble gas configuration.

Explanation:

Thus, " The reactivity of elements is explained by their tendency to attain a completely filled outermost shell or noble gas configuration ".

ⒽⓄⓅⒺ ⓉⒽⒾⓈ ⓌⒾⓁⓁ ⒽⒺⓁⓅ ⓎⓄⓊ.

۰۪۫P۪۫۰۰۪۫l۪۫۰۰۪۫e۪۫۰۰۪۫a۪۫۰۰۪۫s۪۫۰۰۪۫e۪۫۰ ۰۪۫m۪۫۰۰۪۫a۪۫۰۰۪۫r۪۫۰۰۪۫k۪۫۰ ۰۪۫a۪۫۰۰۪۫s۪۫۰ ۰۪۫B۪۫۰۰۪۫r۪۫۰۰۪۫a۪۫۰۰۪۫i۪۫۰۰۪۫n۪۫۰۰۪۫l۪۫۰۰۪۫i۪۫۰۰۪۫e۪۫۰۰۪۫s۪۫۰۰۪۫t۪۫۰...