Question

Paragraph of obesity and stress

Answer 1

WHICH YOU LIKE. tress in the short term causes the brain to produce an appetite-suppressing hormone called corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Signals are also sent to the adrenal glands that trigger their production of adrenalin, which temporarily suppresses any urge to eat as part of the fight-or-flight response. Ongoing stress, on the other hand, causes the release of a hormone called cortisol. This hormone increases a person’s appetite and if the stress does not pass, cortisol and appetite levels remain increased.

One study by University College London (UCL) researchers looked at whether there was an association between levels of cortisol present in the hair and BMI and waist circumference. Data was recorded over four years, for more than 2,500 men and women. The 2-cm pieces of hair analysed represented about 2 months’ worth of growth and the cortisol levels that had built up over that time. WRITE IT

Answer 2

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About 20% of the world’s population is obese; thus, obesity is classified among the diseases of civilization. The epidemic nature of obesity in industrialized countries is a serious health and social concern. The number of obese people has significantly increased in the past 20 years. In certain developed countries, 50% to 65% of the total population are overweight or obese, which means that only 1/3 of the people have normal body weight.

Obesity is the sixth most important risk factor in terms of the number of deaths in the world. In 1997 the WHO officially declared obesity to be a chronic condition which requires treatment, fosters the development of other diseases, and is connected with increased mortality.

Obesity is a gain in body weight, conditioned by the accumulation of excess body fat, significantly above the norms set for specific ages, races and sexes, and exceeding the physiological needs and adaptability of the human body [6]. The appropriate body mass is determined by the BMI (Body Mass Index) [7] expressing the weight to height ratio. A BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 means obesity. With BMI exceeding 40 kg/m2 obesity is classified as very severe and there is a risk of negative health outcomes [8]. For definitions of obesity and overweight in this manuscript, authors accepted the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria, developed in 2005 by a group of IOTF experts, who extrapolated the adult BMI cutoff points for overweight (25 kg/m2) and obesity (30 kg/m2).

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