Question

Paragraph on Biodiversity in local health tradition in Chhattisgarh in 1000 words ( english )​

Answer 1

Biodiversity is the biological variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.[1] Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator,[2] which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity.[3] Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richer in the tropics.[4] These tropical forest ecosystems cover less than ten percent of earth's surface, and contain about ninety percent of the world's species.[5] Marine biodiversity is usually higher along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest, and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans.[6] There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity.[6] Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots,[7] and has been increasing through time,[8][9] but will be likely to slow in the future as a primary result of deforestation.[10]

A sampling of fungi collected during summer 2008 in Northern Saskatchewan mixed woods, near LaRonge, is an example regarding the species diversity of fungi. In this photo, there are also leaf lichens and mosses.

Rapid environmental changes typically cause mass extinctions.[11][12][13] More than 99.9 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species,[14] are estimated to be extinct.[15][16] Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million,[17] of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.[18] The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037 and weighs 50 billion tonnes.[19] In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as four trillion tons of carbon).[20] In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) of all organisms living on Earth.[21]

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