Question

paragraph on coal and petroleum . up to 200-300 words

Answer 1

first coal paragraph
Coal consists of volatile matter, moisture and carbon. The carbon burn while the volatile matter and moisture are removed. Coal after burning produces heat which is used for various purposes.

Coal is the result of decomposition and conversion of plants and other living matter. Coal was formed about 25,00,00,000 years ago. Parts of the earth at the time were covered by swamps and large trees. When the trees had died they sank into the swamps. Mud and sand settled on them. This cycle continued for millions of years. Due to the great pressures in inner part of the earth, the burnt trees were transformed into coal. Even centuries before the birth of Christ, man has been using coal.
Coal comprises three-fourths of the total fossil fuels of the world. The problems of using coal are mainly that the burning of coal for energy gives rise to carbon dioxide.
paragraph of petroleum
Petroleum (Petro = rock + Oleum = oil, that 'rock-oil') is a compound of hydrogen and carbon (hydro-carbon 90-98 percent) including small quintal of oxygen, nitrogen, sculpture and organo-metali substances.

Crude petroleum is a mixture of hide carbons in solid, liquid and gaseous form, Bedsit being an important fuel resource petroleum provide lubricants and raw materials for number of industries Its products include kerosene, diesel, petrol, aviate fuel, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, thermopiles resins, benzene methanol, polystyrene and P.V.( phenol, acrylates, naphthabutacline detergent aromatics, gasoline, carbon black, toluene, acetic dyes, colours, food colours, pigments, explosion printing ink, film photography, greases, cosmetic varnishes and paints, lubricating oil, paraffin, wax etc. There is not even a tiniest part of the crude petroleum which goes waste or remains unused. That is why petroleum is called a 'liquid gold'.

Petroleum is a precious gift to the modern society. Its use as a fuel in transport sector has played a pivotal role in cultural contact, time and distance minimisation, passenger and freight movement and providing relief during natural calamity and national crisis. It is a strategic fuel which has a great bearing on modern warfare and international geopolitics. Although serious researches are going on but scien­tists are yet to find out a viable substitute for this scarce resource.