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What is Dengue?
Dengue fever, commonly known as break bone fever is a flu-like illness caused by the Dengue virus. It is caused when an Aedes mosquito carrying the virus bites a healthy person. This disease is mainly found in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. According to WHO, an estimated 500,000 people require hospitalization each year. Most cases occur in tropical areas of the world, with the population in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Mexico, Africa, parts of Central and South America most susceptible to the disease. As per the data released by the Directorate of the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), there have been 67,000 cases of Dengue fever as of 13th October 2019 in India.
Causes of Dengue:
Dengue is caused due to four viruses, namely - DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. The virus enters a mosquito when it bites an already infected person. And the illness is spread when it bites a healthy person, and the virus spreads through the person’s bloodstream.
Once a person recovers, he is immune to the specific virus and not the other three types. The probability of developing severe Dengue fever, also known as Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, increases if you're infected a second, third or fourth time.
Symptoms of Dengue:
Usually, symptoms of Dengue feel like an uncomplicated fever and not easily identifiable in teens and children. Dengue causes a fever of 104 F degrees along with at least two of these symptoms:
Headache
Muscle, bone and joint pain
Nausea
Vomiting
Pain behind the eyes
Swollen glands
Rash
There are three types of fever a person is prone to, namely – Mild Dengue Fever, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome.
Mild Dengue Fever – Symptoms are seen after a week from the bite and include severe or fatal complications.
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever – Symptoms are mild but can gradually worsen within a few days.
Dengue Shock Syndrome – This is a severe form of dengue and can even cause death.