paragraph on the topic rocks and the types of soil they form
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Types of Rocks and Soil
Updated April 25, 2017
By Christina Martinez
Rocks and soil are all around us, in all shapes and sizes, in all colors and forms. The earth's crust is made primarily up of these two things which were formed from inside the earth. Rocks eventually break down to become soil. There are three basic types of rocks on earth and four basic types of soils.
Explanation:
Rocks and soil are all around us, in all shapes and sizes, in all colors and forms. The earth's crust is made primarily up of these two things which were formed from inside the earth. Rocks eventually break down to become soil. There are three basic types of rocks on earth and four basic types of soils.
Igneous
Igneous rocks form directly from cooling of magma coming from inside the earth. A phase change occurs when the liquid magma loses heat and eventually turns solid. These rocks make up the majority of the earth's crust. When an igneous rock is given a name, there are two characteristics that are important: composition and texture. Composition is defined as what the rock is made of and texture is how large the crystals are. Examples of igneous rocks are granite, obsidian and pumice.
Sedimentary
Sedimentary rocks are considered "secondary" rocks because they often are made up of pieces of other rocks. Igneous rocks in the crust of the earth are sometimes covered by a thin layer of loose debris and sediment that gets compacted together to form sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of different rock pieces and cemented together. Chemical sedimentary rocks form when water that is standing evaporates. Organic sedimentary rocks are made up of organic material like calcium from animals. Sandstone is a type of clastic rock, rock gypsum is a type of chemical rock and bituminous coal is a type of organic rock.
Metamorphic
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have changed. These rocks can begin as any type of rock and then end up as a metamorphic rock by moving into an unstable environment for the material inside the rock. Metamorphic rocks include slate, marble and schist.
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