Question

Paraphrase the following passage:

Chipmunks recently challenged the scientific dogma that small mammals were forced south during the Ice Age 18,000 years ago. DNA samples from more than 200 chipmunks in Illinois and Wisconsin were used to construct a family tree showing that chipmunks migrated further south only after glaciers receded. Scientists determined the chipmunks’ migration routes by analyzing mutations in their genes. The longer a group of animals remains in one place, the more mutations they accumulate, increasing their genetic diversity. Animals leaving the refuge for a new area take only a few of the changes, and, therefore, the new group has less variety in its genes. The chipmunk populations found in the south had fewer mutations than those in northern Illinois and Wisconsin.

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Answer 1

Paraphrase:

Chipmunks recently showed an exception against the scientific theory that small mammals were forced south in the time of Ice Age, which took place eighteen thousand years ago. DNA samples taken from more than 200 chipmunks in Illinois and Wisconsin helped the construction of a family tree that showed chipmunks moved further south only after glaciers receded. The migration routes of chipmunks were determined by analyzing mutations in their genes. Number of mutations increased when a group stayed in one place for a long time and this helped in developing genetic diversity. The ones which left the refuge in search of new area take very little of the changes and thus the new group receives very less variety in its genes. The chipmunks from south had a very little number of mutations than the ones in northern Illinois and Wisconsin.