parrot,fish,monkey,lion,octopus,bat segregate these organisms into homologous and analogous organs and give reasons
Answers
A Homologous structure is an organ or organ system present in organisms which share a common ancestry. These have a similar structure but different functions in different organisms. They usually appear because of divergent evolution and have same origin. A few examples are:
Vertebrate limbs
All the higher vertebrates have a similar skeletal structure of their forelimbs but humans use them for holding things, cats for walking, whales for swimming while bats use them for flying.
Brains
All vertebrates have a similar structure of the brain with all the lobes, pituitary gland, cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla etc.
Hearts
All vertebrate hearts are made up of auricles and ventricles.
Leaves
Venus fly trap and pitcher plants have modified leaves which help in capturing insects while cactus leaves are modified into spines to put a check on transpiration.
Tendrils in pea plants are a modification of leaves to provide support to the plant while spines of a barberry plant are modified leaves to provide protection.