PART I( Mark - 20 )
1. What happened to the traditional zamindars as a
result of British Administration ?
2. An announcement of 1921 has enraged the British
government which led to the arrest of some
prominent Indian leaders. Mention it.
3. Name the method which worsened the conditions
of government universities and how ?
4. Conclusion of an agreement in 1931, paved the
way for some mutual understanding and
Independence. Enumerate it.
Answers
Answer:
1.ans The system was abolished during land reforms in East Pakistan (Bangladesh) in 1950, India in 1951 and West Pakistan in 1959. The zamindars often played an important role in the regional histories of the subcontinent.
2.ansThe Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919, when Acting Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered troops of the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab, killing at least 379 people and injuring over 1,200 other people.
3.ansStatus quo or Statu quo is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social or political issues. In the sociological sense, it generally applies to maintaining or changing existing social structure and/or values. With regard to policy debate, it means how conditions are, inviting a good or bad analysis of them, for example "The countries are now trying to maintain a status quo with regards to their nuclear arsenal which will help them if the situation gets any worse."
To maintain the status quo is to keep things the way they presently are. The related phrase status quo ante, literally "the state in which before", emphasises "the state of affairs that existed" (previously).
4.ans The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, on 5 March 1931 before the second Round Table Conference in London. Before this, Lord Irwin, the Viceroy, had announced in October 1929 a vague offer of 'dominion status' for British-occupied India in an unspecified future and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future constitution. The second Round Table Conference was held from September to December 1931 in London. This movement marked the end of the civil disobedience movement in India.Arrest of Abdul Gaffar Khan in April 1930 and Mahatma Karamchand Gandhi in May 1930 resulted in protests in Peshawar and Sholapur respectively.