Question

"Patriotism is in political life what faith is in religion, and it stands to the domestic
feelings and to homesickness as faith to fanaticism and to superstition' Patriotism,
like faith, is fundamentally a state of mind. There may be, and usually are, visible,
material and tangible agents which create or promote patriotism. But in essence it
remains a spiritual feeling. To pursue Lord Acton's analogy a little further, we may
say that as faith is created and strengthened by the Book, the place of worship, the
history of the creed and religious relics, so patriotism is born and fed upon the
concepts of a territory, a human group, a literary or artistic inheritance, a language
and political history. But by themselves these agents are not enough. They have to
be sustained by a feeling that our faith is the true faith and that our patriotism is the
right patriotism. There must be a conviction that our faith is not heresy, that our
patriotism is not mere chauvinism. To create this belief people seek foundations for
their faith or patriotism. These foundations or bases constitute the psychological
factor in nationalism. The importance of this factor is obvious. It is a very weighty
factor-sometimes even more significant than the historical or cultural ingredients.
History may all be wrong and culture may be a farce, but you cannot quarrel with the
feeling of a people that they are a separate entity. You may not agree with them, but
that would not affect their feeling of separatism. In India the psychological factor
gained even greater significance because Muslim nationalism (not unlike Hindu or
Indian nationalism) did not receive strong support from either history or language or
culture. By normal standards set by the theoreticians of nationalism neither India nor
Muslim India could be called a nation. Several ingredients were missing. And so the
final argument on which the claimants of nationalism took their stand was the
argument from psychology. They felt that they were a nation: therefore they were a
nation. No more effective definition of nationalism has yet been suggested than
Renan's, and he based his theory on the simple but powerful fact that if a people feel
strongly and passionately that they make up a nation, historical wisdom as well as
political prudence dictate the acceptance of this claim. The clash of nationalisms in

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cant read it bro because we are busy