Question

Pattern of variation in the oxidation states of boron to thallium

Answer 1

B+3>Al+3>Ga+3>In+3>Tl+3
For B and Al +3 oxidation state is stable..
For Ga, +1 as well as +3 are stable.
For In and Tl, +1 is stable.

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Answer 2

Answer:

(1) First two elements of group 13 namely, B and Al have stable 3 + oxidation state.

(2) Stability of 3 + oxidation state starts decreasing and that of lower oxidation state, 1+ starts increasing from Ga to Tl due to inert pair effect.

(3) Next two elements, Ga and in are normally trivalent but also have 1 + oxidation state in some compounds.

(4) Thallium has very stable 1 + oxidation state (thallous) than 3 + (thallic) state. Hence TI (III) salts act as good oxidising agents.