penicillin is obtained from a fungus called
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penicillin is obtained from a fungus called
enicillin (PCN or pen) is a group of antibiotics which include penicillin G(intravenous use), penicillin V (use by mouth), procaine penicillin, and benzathine penicillin(intramuscular use). Penicillin antibiotics were among the first medications to be effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci. They are still widely used today, though many types of bacteria have developed resistance following extensive use.
Penicillin
Penicillin core structure, where "R" is the variable group
Clinical dataAHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer InformationPregnancy
category
US: B (No risk in non-human studies) [1]
Routes of
administrationIntravenous, intramuscular, by mouthLegal statusLegal status
In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic dataMetabolismliverElimination half-lifebetween 0.5 and 56 hoursExcretionKidneysIdentifiersChemSpider
none
About 10% of people report that they are allergic to penicillin; however, up to 90% of this group may not actually be allergic.[2]Serious allergies only occur in about 0.03%.[2]Those who are allergic to penicillin are most often given cephalosporin C because of its functional groups.[3] All penicillins are β-lactam antibiotics, which are some of the most powerful and successful achievements in modern science.[3]
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming.[4] People began using it to treat infections in 1942.[5] There are several enhanced penicillin families which are effective against additional bacteria; these include the antistaphylococcal penicillins, aminopenicillins and the antipseudomonal penicillins. They are derived from Penicilliumfungi.[6]