Perhaps the best summary of the principles that the nationalist movement brought to the constituent assembly is the objectives resolution (the resolution that defined the aims of the assembly) moved by nehru in 1946. This resolution encapsulated the aspirations and values behind the constitution.
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CONSTITUTION
TOPIC – I CONSTITUTION: WHY & HOW
Outline of chapter
1) What is constitution?
2) Why do we need a Constitution?
3) History of constitutions in world
4) Demand for Constitution in India
5) How was the Indian Constitution made?
6) Composition of the Constituent Assembly
7) Principle of deliberation, procedures & working
8) Objectives Resolution
9) Indian Independence Act of 1947
10) Committees of the Constituent Assembly
11) Enactment & enforcement of the Constitution
12) Criticism& defence of the Constituent Assembly
WHAT IS A CONSTITUTION?
The constitution of a nation is the Basic Law. It embodies the customs, values, precedents, culture and so on. It is the sacred law that is the basis for the governance of the country. It establishes the political system; the institutions that make it: legislature, executive and judiciary. All other institutions have to be compatible with the Constitution, & the laws made and implemented should be in line with the Constitution.
The Constitution also lays down what powers are available to the above mentioned institutions. It sets limits to the powers as well. The pattern of separation of powers among the three organs of the state is also clearly demarcated in the Constitution. In a parliamentary form, the separation of powers is provided in a limited way as is the case in India. In the US Constitution, on the other hand, the separation of powers is stricter and more elaborate.
Generally, in most countries, the constitution is a written document. India, the US, Australia, Canada and China and almost every other nation has a single written document. A body of elected or nominated members meets for a prolonged period to deliberate upon as to what should be the rules of governance.
If a country has a
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