Question

Permanent hardness of water with types of method and reaction

Answer 1

PERMANENT HARDNESS, TYPES & REMOVAL

Explanation:

Lasting Hardness of Water:  

At the point when the solvent salts of magnesium and calcium are available as chlorides and sulfides in water, we call it lasting hardness since this hardness can't be evacuated by bubbling.  

We can expel this hardness by treating the water with washing pop. Insoluble carbonates are framed when washing soft drink responds with the sulfide and chloride salts of magnesium and calcium and in this manner hard water is changed over to delicate water.  

Gan's Permutit Method:  

In this strategy, sodium aluminum ortho silicate known as permutit or zeolite is utilized to expel the lasting hardness of water.  

Response: Na2 Al2 Si2 O8.KH2O + Ca++→ 2Na+ + Ca Al2 Si2 O8.xH2O  

Calgon's Process:  

In this strategy, sodium-hexa-meta-phosphate (NaPO3)6 known as Calgon is utilized. The hardness in water is evacuated by the adsorption of Ca++ and Mg++ particles.  

⇒ Check: Difference among Adsorption and Absorption  

Particle Exchange Resin Method:  

In this strategy, the changeless hardness of water is evacuated by utilizing pitches. Ca++/Mg++ particles are traded with Cl–, SO4-2 particles are traded with anion trade tar (RNH2OH). Demineralized water is framed in this procedure.  

⇒ 2RCOOH + Ca++ → (RCOO)2Ca + 2H+  

⇒ RNH2OH + Cl–→ RNH2Cl + OH–  

⇒ H+ + OH–→ H2O

Answer 2

Answer:

Permanent hardness:-

It is due to presence of soluble salts of Mg and Ca in form of chlorides and sulphates in water . It can be removed by boiling . it can also be removed by following methods:-

1. Treatment with washing soda.
2. Calgon' s mehod
3. Ion exchange method
4. Synthetic resins method.