Question

Pharmaceuticals products that are produced by fermentation media

Answer 1

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROCESSES

Current biotechnological processes essentially

involve five different groups of organisms: bacteria (e.g.

Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. Serratia mascescens,

Erwenia herbícola, Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus sub-

tilis), fungi (e.g. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia and

Hansenula, Trichoderma and Aspergilli), plants (e.g. to-

bacco plant, rape and transgenic potatoes (Tourte, 1998)),

insects (e.g. Spodoptra frugiperda) and mammalians (e.g.

Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), baby hamster kid-

ney cells (BHK) and transgenic animals) (Walsh, Gary,

2003).

The application of different techniques allows chan-

ges to be made in microorganisms, in order to highlight a

particular feature or increase their production and ultima-

tely the production of new products. For this, conventional

genetic techniques such as mutagenesis, fermentation,

sexual and parasexual processes or modern techniques

such as recombinant DNA techniques or the hybridoma

technique, can be used (Ferreira, Sousa, 1998).