Question

Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of the purpose, process, nature and ideals of

education. It can be considered a branch of both philosophy and education. Education can be defined as

the teaching and learning of specific skills, and the imparting of knowledge, judgment and wisdom, and is

something broader than the societal institution of education we often speak of.

Many educationalists consider it a weak and woolly field, too far removed from the practical applications of

the real world to be useful. But philosophers dating back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the

area much thought and emphasis, and there is little doubt that their work has helped shape the practice of

education over the millennia.

Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and education is an essential element in "The Republic"

(his most important work on philosophy and political theory, written around 360 B.C.). In it, he advocates

some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the

state, and differentiating children suitable to the various castes, the highest receiving the most education,

so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He believed that education should

be holistic, including facts, skills, physical discipline, music and art. Plato believed that talent and

intelligence is not distributed genetically and thus is be found in children born to all classes, although his

proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really

follow a democratic model.

Aristotle considered human nature, habit and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in

education, the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens. He proposed that

teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good

habits, unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas. He emphasized

the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught, among which he explicitly

mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of

sciences, as well as play, which he also considered important.
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Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer:

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