Phosphorus (At. number 15) and Silicon (At. number 14) are non- metals. Answer the following
questions: a) Write down the electronic configuration of phosphorus and silicon b) To which group does
the phosphorus belong and why? c) To which group doessilicon belong? d) To which period phosphorus
and sulphur belong and why? e) Which element is more non-metallic and why? f) Which element has
smaller atomic radii?
Answers
Answer:
a. Phosphorus. = 2,8,5
Silicon. = 2,8,4.
b. Phosphorus belongs to group 5A or group 15 because it has one proton more than carbon/ silicone (group 14) and one proton less than oxygen/ sulfur (group 16).
c. Silicon (Si) belongs to Group 14 of the periodic table.
d. Out of the given four elements Sulphur and Phosphorus belongs to the third period of the periodic table. Sulphur belongs to the third period and 16th group. It is a p-block element and is a member of the Oxygen family.
e. The most metallic element in the periodic table is francium, but it is a man-made element. The natural element which is most metallic is cesium. The most non-metallic element is fluorine.
f. Helium has the smallest atomic radius.
Explanation:
Answer:
(a) Electronic configuration of phosphorus = 1s^2,2s^2 2p^6, 3s^2 3p^3
Electronic configuration of silicon = 1s^2, 2s^2 2p^6, 3s^2 3p^2
(b) Group 15 (VA) contains nitrogen, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. Elements in Group 15 have five valence electrons. Because the elements can either gain three electrons or lose five to gain a stable configuration, they more often form covalent compounds unless bonded to an active metal.
(c) Silicon (Si), a nonmetallic chemical element in the carbon family (Group 14 [IVa] of the periodic table).
(d) Sulphur and Phosphorus belong to the third period of the periodic table. Sulphur belongs to the third period and 16th group. It is a p-block element and is a member of the Oxygen family.
(e) The most metallic element in periodic table is Francium but it is a man made element. The natural element which is most mettallic is Cesium. The most non metallic element is Fluorine.
(f) Helium has the smallest atomic radius. This is due to trends in the periodic table, and the effective nuclear charge that holds the valence electrons close to the nucleus.