Phosphorus is an element with an atomic number of 15. Its most common isotope is phosphorus-31, 31 15P. Another isotope, phosphorus-32, is radioactive.
i) State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in phosphorus-31. [2 marks]
ii) Explain why phosphorus-31 has a different mass number from phosphorus-32. [1 mark]
iii) Atoms of phosphorus-32 change into atoms of sulfur by beta decay. Copy and complete the equation to show the atomic and mass numbers of this isotope of sulfur. 32 15P → ??S + beta
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Phosphorus-32 (32P) is a radioactive isotope of phosphorus. The nucleus of phosphorus-32 contains 15 protons and 17 neutrons, one more neutron than the most common isotope of phosphorus, phosphorus-31. Phosphorus-32 only exists in small quantities on Earth as it has a short half-life of 14 days and so decays rapidly.
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