physical change and chemical change
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Physical changes only change the appearance of a substance, not its chemical composition. Chemical changes cause a substance to change into an entirely substance with a new chemical formula. Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions.
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Physical Changes
Another way to think about this is that a physical change does not cause a substance to become a fundamentally different substance but a chemical change causes a substance to changeh into something chemically new. Blending a smoothie, for example, involves two physical changes: the change in shape of each fruit and the mixing together of many different pieces of fruit. Because none of the chemicals in the smoothie components are changed during blending (the water and vitamins from the fruit are unchanged, for example), we know that no chemical changes are involved.
Chemical Changes
Chemical changes are also known as chemical reactions. The “ingredients” of a reaction are called the reactants, and the end results are called the products. The change from reactants to products is signified by an arrow:
Reactants → Products
The formation of gas bubbles is often the result of a chemical change (except in the case of boiling, which is a physical change). A chemical change might also result in the formation of a precipitate, such as the appearance of a cloudy material when dissolved substances are mixed.
Rotting, burning, cooking, and rusting are all further types of chemical changes because they produce substances that are entirely new chemical compounds. For example, burned wood becomes ash, carbon dioxide, and water. When exposed to water, iron becomes a mixture of several hydrated iron oxides and hydroxides. Yeast carries out fermentation to produce alcohol from sugar.
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