physical characteristic of laterite soil
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Lateritic soils usually develop in tropical and other regions with similar hot and humid climate, where heavy rainfall, warm temperature and well drainage lead to the formation of thick horizons of reddish lateritic soil profiles rich in iron and aluminium.
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Lateritic soils are one of important soils and are widespread in tropical areas and subtropical climates. They are the most highly weathered soils in the classification system. Lateritic soils in Taiwan are mostly classified into ultisols and alfisols and cover about 25 percent of the cultivation lands. The significant features of the lateritic soils are their unique color, poor fertility, and high clay content and lower cation exchange capacity. In addition, lateritic soils possess a great amount of iron and aluminum oxides [1]. Iron oxides, existing mainly in the amorphous and crystalline inorganic forms, are one of major components in many soil orders. In my previous study, a series of soil samples including alfisol, inceptisol, entisol, and ultisol were used to test their H2S removal efficiency from hot coal gas. Experimental results showed that the ultisols have the best removal efficiency among all soil samples. Additionally, the contents of total free iron have been confirmed as the major component to affect overall removal efficiency. It is thus very important to understand the detailed properties of lateritic soils when they are going to be a commercial product for industrial application. Based on the previous study, it is believed that the Tamshui and Tungwei lateritic soils are the best candidates for industrial application because of the presence of magnetite and maghemite, which are two types of iron oxides that have excellent thermodynamic sulfurization compared to other iron oxides [2, 3]. Parent material is a key factor affecting the iron and mineral composition and distribution for lateritic soils. Anda et al. [4] reported a series of oxisols derived from serpentinite, basalt, and andesite and found that the content of iron oxides has an obvious different distribution. Approximately 19% of iron oxide was determined for the lateritic soils derived from serpentinite. Different parent materials also bring the different physical and chemical properties.
Therefore, in order to better understand the detailed information of lateritic soils, the main objectives of this study were to investigate the properties of lateritic soils derived from different parent materials, including shale stone, basalt, diluvium, and andesite, and to provide basic information about lateritic soils for agricultural development.
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