Question

physical properties of metal and non metal

Answer 1

Metals:-

⇒ Physical state :- Metals are solid at room temperature except mercury and gallium

⇒ Melting & Boiling points :- Metals have high melting and boiling point except gallium and cesium

⇒ Density :- Generally have high density

⇒ Malleability & Ductility:- Metals are malleable and ductile

⇒ Electrical & Thermal conductor :- Good conductor of heat and electricity

⇒ Luster :- pososs shining luster

⇒ Sound :- Metals give sonorous sound

⇒ Hardness :- Generally hard except postassium ( K ) and sodium ( Na )

Non metals :-

⇒ Physical state :- Non metals generally exist as solid and gases except Bromine.

⇒ Melting & boiling point :- they have low melting and boiling point except diamond and graphite

⇒ Density:- Generally low density

⇒ Malleability and Ductility:- Neither Malleable nor Ductile

⇒ Electrical and thermal conductor :- poor conductor of heat and electricity except graphite.

⇒ Luster :- Do not have luster except Iodine

⇒ Sound :- Does not give sound

⇒ Hardness :- Gernerally Soft except Diamond.

Answer 2

$\huge {\bf{\red{Physical\: Properties\: of\: Metals}}}$ $\huge {\bf{\red{and \:Non-metals}}}$

Physical state, colour, appearance, hardnes malleability, ductility, density, sonori conductivity, etc. are physical properties of substance.Let us observe them.

Based these uo activities and other observations, we can compare the physical properties of metals and non-metals.

1. Physical State: Under normal pressure, all metals except mercury are solid at room temperature. Mercury is a liquid at room temperature. Non-metals may occur as solids,liquids or gases at room temperature. For example, carbon, sulphur are solids, bromine is a liquid, oxygen and nitrogen are gases at room temperature.

2. Colour: Most metals are silvery-grey in colour. Copper is reddish brown and gold is golden yellow. Non-metals have different colours. For example, sulphur is yellow, phosphorus is white or red, chlorine is greenish- yellow, bromine is reddish brown, hydrogen, Oxygen and nitrogen are colourless.

3. Appearance : All metals are shiny. The characteristic shine of metals is called metallic lustre. The shiny appearance of metals makes them attractive for use in jewellery. Non-metals have dull appearance, they do not shine. However, graphite and iodine are the only non- metals that have metallic lustre.

4. Hardness : Most metals are hard except sodium and potassium which can be easily cut with a knife. Non-metals are soft except diamond which is the hardest natural substance.

5. Malleability : Metals are malleable they can be hammered into very thin sheets. Non- metals break into pieces when hammered. They cannot be beaten into sheets.

6. Ductility : Metals are ductile : they can be drawn into wires. Non-metals cannot be drawn into wires.

7. Conductivity: Metals are good conductor of heat and electricity. Non-metals are poor conductor of heat and electricity except graphite which is a good conductor of heat and electricity.

8. Density: Metals except sodium and potassium have high densities. Non-metals usually have low densities. Metals are heavier and non-metals lighter.

9. Tensile strength : Metals (except mercury) bear a lot of weight. Non-metals cannot bear weight.

10. Melting and Boiling Points: Metals except mercury have higher melting and boiling points. Non-metals except graphite have low melting and boiling points.

11. Sonority: Metals are sonorous. Metals when struck hard produce a ringing sound. Non-metals do not produce ringing sound when hit with an object. They produce a dull sound when struck with a hard object.