physical properties of metal and non metal
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Properties of metal and non-metal elements
Metals are placed on the left-hand side of the periodic table, and non-metals on the right.
physical properties
The table summarises some typical properties of metals and non-metals.
metals :- Shiny
non-metal :- Dull
metals :- high melting points
non-metals :- Low melting point
metal:- Good conducter of electricity
non-metal:- Poor conductors of electricity
metals:- Good conductors of heat
non-metals:- Poor conductors of heat
metals:- High density
metals:- High densitynon-metals:- Low density
metals:- Malleable and ductile
metals:- Malleable and ductilenon-metals:- Brittle
Some elements have properties that are not typical. For example:
- mercury (a metal) has a low melting point and exists as a liquid at room temperature
- graphite, a form of carbon (a non-metal), has a high boiling point and is also a good conductor of electricity
A substance with a high density means it has a high mass for its size.
Malleable substances can be bent or hammered into shape without shattering, while brittle substances shatter when bent or hit.
Ductile means that a substance can be drawn out into a long wire without snapping or breaking.
Chemical properties
Metals and non-metals can also be distinguished by some chemical properties.
The most common chemical property is the type of oxide that the element forms. Metals form oxides that are basic, but non-metals form oxides that are acidic. For example, sulfur and carbon are both non-metals. They react with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide. These compounds are both gases present in the air and which dissolve in rain water, making it acidic.
Some oxides do not dissolve in water, so would not affect the colour of an indicator added to the water.
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Explanation:
Metal Physical Properties:
Lustrous (shiny)
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
High melting point.
High density (heavy for their size)
Malleable (can be hammered)
Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
Usually solid at room temperature (an exception is mercury)
Opaque as a thin sheet (can't see through metals)