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Answer 1

Answer: Next to Brahmans are the Kshatriyas in varna ranking. They comprise very powerful castes as they are traditionally warriors and play a major role in defence. However, the role of defence is now largely submerged under the rule of land ownership.

When castes form large majorities in a village, the village is generally known by the jati name of the Kshatriyas. There are several examples of Rajput villages (Rajasthan), Jat villages (Haryana, Uttar Pradesh), Thakur villages (Himalayan region) and Nair villages (Kerala).

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

Early Rigvedic tribal monarchy

The administrative machinery in the Vedic India was headed by a tribal king called Rajan whose position was not hereditary.[citation needed]The king was elected in a tribal assembly (called Samiti) which included women.[citation needed]The Rajan protected the tribe and cattle; was assisted by a priest; and did not maintain a standing army, though in the later period the rulership appears to have risen as a social class. The concept of the fourfold varna system is not yet recorded.[3]