picture or drawing of mutualism
1. what organisms are involved on your chosen picture?
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2. what type of interaction exist between these organisms?
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3. which organisms benefited from the interaction?
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4. which organism is harmed from the interaction?
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5. is the given interaction beneficial or harmful?
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picture or drawing of commensalism
1. what organisms are involved on your chosen picture?
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2. what type of interaction exist between these organisms?
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3. which organism benefited from the interaction?
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4. which organisms is harmed from the interaction?
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5. is the given interaction beneficial or harmful?
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picture or drawing of predation
1. what organisms are involved on your chosen picture?
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2. what type of interaction exist between these organisms?
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3. which organism benefited from the interaction?
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4. which organisms is harmed from the interaction?
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5. is the given interaction beneficial or harmful?
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picture or drawing of parasitism
1. what organisms are involved on your chosen picture?
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2. what type of interaction exist between these organisms?
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3. which organism benefited from the interaction?
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4. which organisms is harmed from the interaction?
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5. is the given interaction beneficial or harmful?
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Answers
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mutualism
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BY The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica | Last Updated: Jan 10, 2022 | View Edit History
mutualism, association between organisms of two different species in which each benefits. Mutualistic arrangements are most likely to develop between organisms with widely different living requirements.
mutualism
mutualism
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Related Topics: lichen mycorrhiza syntrophism obligative mutualism protocooperation
Several well-known examples of mutualistic arrangements exist. The partnership between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and leguminous plants is one example. In addition, cows possess rumen bacteria that live in the digestive tract and help digest the plants the cow consumes. Associations between tree roots and certain fungi are often mutualistic (see mycorrhiza).
energy transfer and heat loss along a food chain
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community ecology: Mutualism
In attempting to unravel Darwin’s entangled bank and understand how these interactions form the basic...
Intestinal flagellated protozoans and termites exhibit obligative mutualism, a strict interdependency, in which the protozoans digest the wood ingested by the termites; neither partner can survive under natural conditions without the other.
Acacia ants (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea) inhabit the bullhorn acacia (or bullhorn wattle; Vachellia cornigera). The ants obtain food and shelter, and the acacia depends on the ants for protection from browsing animals, which the ants drive away. Neither member can survive successfully without the other, also exemplifying obligative mutualism.
mutualism: acacia ants
mutualism: acacia ants
Mutualism between acacia ants (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea) and the bullhorn acacia (Vachellia cornigera), or swollen thorn acacia. The plant provides food and shelter to the ants, and the ants defend the plant against browsing animals.
© Angel DiBilio/Shutterstock.com
Yucca moths (Tegeticula) are dependent on yucca plants (Yucca) and vice versa: the moth acts as pollinator at the same time that she lays her eggs in the seedpods of the yucca; the larvae hatch and feed on some but not all the seeds. Both organisms benefit: the plant is pollinated, and the moth has a source of food for its larvae.
mutualism: yucca moth
mutualism: yucca moth
In the mutualism between the yucca moth (Tegeticula yuccasella) and the yucca plant (Yucca), moth larvae feed on some—but not all—of the plant's seeds and use the plant's seedpods as shelter. In return, adult moths serve as the plant's pollinator.
Photographs, © Robert and Linda Mitchell
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
This article was most recently revised and updated by John P. Rafferty.