Play explain the change of solid into liquid at constant temperature
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once the temperature of a liquid reaches its boiling point, the temperature will not increase until all the liquid has changed its phase to become a gas. Likewise, once the temperature of a liquid is lowered to its freezing point, the temperature will not decrease until all the liquid has changed its phase to become a solid. A similar effect occurs in the opposite direction.
Temperature is the average kinetic energy (KE) of the material's molecules. That means for a given temperature there will be some molecules moving faster and having a higher kinetic energy, while others move at a slower speed.
Temperature does not necessarily remain constant in transitions to exotic states.
Changing solid to liquid
In a solid, molecules vibrate in place according to the temperature of the material. As the solid is heated, its molecules move faster and gain kinetic energy (KE) until some of them break lose and escape the solid. Those molecules are in the liquid phase and are not as confined as in a solid.
Since the temperature of the solid is the average KE of its molecules, the solid actually loses some energy when these molecules escape. This keeps the temperature from rising beyond the boiling point.
As heat energy is added, more molecules escape, and the temperature remains relatively constant. Finally, when all the molecules have escaped the solid and transitioned into the liquid phase, the temperature can start to rise above the freezing point.
Example with ice
With ice, some of the molecules will break lose from the solid state and turn into water molecules as the material is heated. But when they do change, they take energy from the ice, thus keeping its average temperature of the ice at or below freezing. The temperature of the ice will remain near the freezing point until all of the molecules have changed their state to become liquid. Then the temperature of the liquid will increase as heat is added.
Temperature is the average kinetic energy (KE) of the material's molecules. That means for a given temperature there will be some molecules moving faster and having a higher kinetic energy, while others move at a slower speed.
Temperature does not necessarily remain constant in transitions to exotic states.
Changing solid to liquid
In a solid, molecules vibrate in place according to the temperature of the material. As the solid is heated, its molecules move faster and gain kinetic energy (KE) until some of them break lose and escape the solid. Those molecules are in the liquid phase and are not as confined as in a solid.
Since the temperature of the solid is the average KE of its molecules, the solid actually loses some energy when these molecules escape. This keeps the temperature from rising beyond the boiling point.
As heat energy is added, more molecules escape, and the temperature remains relatively constant. Finally, when all the molecules have escaped the solid and transitioned into the liquid phase, the temperature can start to rise above the freezing point.
Example with ice
With ice, some of the molecules will break lose from the solid state and turn into water molecules as the material is heated. But when they do change, they take energy from the ice, thus keeping its average temperature of the ice at or below freezing. The temperature of the ice will remain near the freezing point until all of the molecules have changed their state to become liquid. Then the temperature of the liquid will increase as heat is added.
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