Question

please answer 30th question ​

Answer 1

Carbon and energy requirements of the autotrophic organism are fulfilled by photosynthesis.It is the process by which autotrophs take in substances from the outside and convert them into storted forms of energy . This material is taken in the form of carbon dioxide and water which is converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. carbohydrates are utilised for providing energy to the plant. We Will study how this takes place in the next section . The carbohydrates which are not used immediately are stored in the form of startch , Which serves as the internal energy reserve to be used as and when required by the plant . A somewhat similar situation is seen in us where some the energy derived from the food we eat is storted in our body in the of from glycogen.

chlorophyll

6CO2+12H2O------------------} C6H12O6+6O2+6H2o sunlight

(Glucose)

Let us now see what actually happens during the process photosynthesis . The following events occur during this process -

1) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll .

2) conversion of light energy to chemical energy and spiliting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen

3) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates

These steps need not take place one after the other immediately. For example,-desert plants take up carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate which is acted upon by the energy absorbed by the chlorophyll during the day .

Let us see how each of the components of the above reaction are necessary for photosynthesis.

If you carefully observe a cross-section of a leaf under the microscope (shown in fig . 6 .11) you will notice that some cells contain green dots . These green dots are cell organelles called chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll . Let us do an activity which demonstrates that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis.