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Answer:
7.2.1 Limitations of a File System
File system becomes difficult to handle when number of
files increases and volume of data also grows. Following
are some of the limitations of file system:
(A) Difficulty in Access
Files themselves do not provide any mechanism to
retrieve data. Data maintained in a file system are
accessed through application programs. While writing
such programs, the developer may not anticipate all
the possible ways in which data may be accessed. So,
sometimes it is difficult to access data in the required
format and one has to write application program to
access data.
(B) Data Redundancy
Redundancy means same data are duplicated in
different places (files). In our example, student names
are maintained in both the files. Besides, in Table 7.1,
students with roll numbers 3 and 5 have same guardian
name and therefore same guardian name is maintained
twice. Both these are examples of redundancy which is
difficult to avoid in a file system. Redundancy leads to
excess storage use and may cause data inconsistency
also.
(C) Data Inconsistency
Data inconsistency occurs when same data maintained
in different places do not match. If a student wants to
get changed the spelling of her name, it needs to be