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Answers
Q.1) Explain the mechanism of hereditary changes.
Q.2) Define Heredity.
I'll write a combined answer of both the questions :
Heredity is the transfer of biological characters from one generation to another via genes.
Johann Gregor Mendel is the pioneer of modern genetics. Around the period of 1886, it took a long time for him to understand the conclusion of his research about heredity.
In 1901, the reasons behind sussen changes were understood due to the mutational theory of Hugo de Vries.
Walter and Sutton observed the paired chromosomes in the cells of grasshopper, until then it was not known to anyone.
Later, reseach proved that genes are carried via chromosomes.
Living organisms can produce new individuals like themselves due to genes only and some of those genes are transmitted to next generation without any changes.
However, sometimes, sudden changes occur in those genes. It is called as mutation.
Q. 3 ) How are Hereditary changes responsible for evolution?
=> Formation of new species due to changes in specific characters of several generations of living organisms as a response to natural selection is called as evolution.
At present, crores of species of plants and animals with huge diversity regarding shape and complexity are present on the earth.
The plant diversity consists of various species ranging from unicellular chlorella to huge banyan tree. Sustaining and selected organisms can perform reproduction and thereby give rise to new species with their own species characters.
Thus, Hereditary changes responsible for evolution.
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