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Answer- 1. The process by which rocks are eroded by the external forces of the environment is called chemical weathering. In this process, when the atmosphere is moist and hot, weathering of the rock takes place. It slows down in a cold and dry climate. When the atmosphere is dry, the rocks lose the moisture.
2. In simplest terms, weathering refers to breakdown of rocks. The process can be both natural and man-made. Here is a list of human activities that cause weathering of rocks:
Burning of fossil fuels (in industries, vehicles, etc.) generate sulfurous (i.e. sulfur based) and nitrogenous compounds (i.e. nitrogen based). These chemicals upon entering water and air converts to sulfuric acid and nitric acid, both of which cause chemical weathering of rocks.
Over-irrigation of crops causes higher run-off (extra water beyond crop's requirements will flow over the land) and causes weathering.
Dams filter out sediments from river water, making it clean and ready for more erosion of banks.
Paving of areas for road construction changes the direction and quantity of rainfall runoff and diverts it to newer areas where weathering was not an issue earlier
strip mining is another source of weathering
3. the difference between solution and hydration is that solution is a homogeneous mixture, which may be liquid, gas or solid, formed by dissolving one or more substances while hydration is (chemistry) the incorporation of water molecules into a complex with those of another compound.
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