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1. Weather is the state of atmosphere recorded at any given point of time. It can change every moment and varies throughout the day.
Climate is the long-term weather pattern in an area, typically averaged over 30 years
The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation.
The hydrological cycle involves the continuous circulation of water in the Earth-Atmosphere system. At its core, the water cycle is the motion of the water from the ground to the atmosphere and back again.
2. Earth's atmosphere is composed of about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, 0.9 percent argon, and 0.1 percent other gases. Therefore, the main gas found in atmosphere is nitrogen.
3. Earth's atmosphere has five major and several secondary layers. From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.