Question

Please answer these questions​

Answer 1

• Protonema – It is a creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous stage. It is a haploid, independent, gametophytic stage in the life cycle of mosses. It is produced from the spores and gives rise to new plants.

Examples – Funaria, polytrichum and sphagnum.

• Antheriduim – It is multicelluar jacketed male sex organ in bryophytes and pteridophytes. It produces biflagellate antherozoids.

Example: Marchantia (Bryophytes)

• Archegonuim – It is multicellular jacketed, flask shaped female sex organs. It has neck, swollen venter and produces a single female gamete called egg.

Example: Bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms.

• Syngamy – When one of the male gametes fuses with an egg cell to form zygote, it is called syngamy. The zygote develops into an embryo. It can be observed in angiosperms during double fertilization.

• Sporophyll – It is a leaf that bears sporangia. They may be microsporophyll or megasporophyll. Sporophyll aggregate to form cones or strobili.

Example: Sporophyll of fern, Microsporophyll and megasporophyll of Selaginella.

(vi) Isogamy – It is the fusion of two gametes that have similar structure.

Example: Chlamydomonas, Ectocarpus, Ulothrix.

Answer 2

Answer:

mirror is an object that reflects an image. Light that bounces off a mirror will show an image of whatever is in front of it, when focused through the lens of the eye or a camera. Mirrors reverse the direction of the image in an equal yet opposite angle from which the light shines upon it.

Explanation:

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