Please answer this question no. 4
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
a)During the Rig-Vedic period the Aryans lived in small villages. The basis of their political and social organisation was the family or Kula. The family was headed by the eldest male member who kept all the members of the family under perfect discipline.
A number of families formed a grama headed by the gramina, while a number of gramas or villages formed the Visya. The Visya was headed by a Visyapati. A number of Visyas collectively formed jana which was ruled by a king called Rajana. However, the precise relationship between the various units viz grama, visya and jana has not been clearly stated anywhere.
b)The emergence of monarchical states in the later Vedic age led to a distancing of the rajan from the people and the emergence of a varna hierarchy. The society was divided into four social groups— Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras.