Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

1.) Monovalent cations have various effects depending on the concentration and substrate species. With lactose as a substrate, 50 mM KCl is three to five times more stimulating than 50 mM NaCl. With ONPG, however, NaCl (50 mM) is more stimulating than KCl. The stimulation may be subject to counterion effects by anions (e.g., Cl−) at high concentrations. Compared with Cl−, Pi is stimulatory and can reverse the inhibitory effect of Cl−.

Na+ (20 mM),K+ (50mM),or NH4+ (50 mM), but not Mg2+or Mn2+, confers complete protection to βGal against otherwise slow inactivation on digestion with pancreatic elastase (13). The monovalent cations also provide significant protection to βGal from the digestion with chymotrypsin.

2.)