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In osmosis the liquid, solvent on one side of a semipermeable membrane travels from a lower density/concentration side to the higher concentration side. Solvent moves to balance the concentration on both sides.
Here the semipermeable membrane is the cell membrane of the potato cell. Solvent is distilled water or water in the concentrated sugar solution. Solute is sugar. Sugar molecules cannot pass through the cell membrane.
Case of (C) in the figure:
There is no Osmosis as the concentration of solution inside potato and outside potato are same (equal to 0): distilled water.
Case of (B) : unboiled potato.
The distilled water from outside/below potato are absorbed by potato cells. They are passed to the inside hollow of potato. So the concentration of sugar solution decreases. All water from below in the beaker disappears into the hollow of potato.
Case (A): Boiled potato
Boiling of potato destroys the cell membrane. The cells are dead. So they do not act as semipermeable membranes. Thus water from below is not absorbed. There is no osmosis. So sugar solution remains concentrated.
Here the semipermeable membrane is the cell membrane of the potato cell. Solvent is distilled water or water in the concentrated sugar solution. Solute is sugar. Sugar molecules cannot pass through the cell membrane.
Case of (C) in the figure:
There is no Osmosis as the concentration of solution inside potato and outside potato are same (equal to 0): distilled water.
Case of (B) : unboiled potato.
The distilled water from outside/below potato are absorbed by potato cells. They are passed to the inside hollow of potato. So the concentration of sugar solution decreases. All water from below in the beaker disappears into the hollow of potato.
Case (A): Boiled potato
Boiling of potato destroys the cell membrane. The cells are dead. So they do not act as semipermeable membranes. Thus water from below is not absorbed. There is no osmosis. So sugar solution remains concentrated.
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i.Ans - The hollow portion of potato a is empty and there is no concentration differences so no osmosis occur and there was no changes in A.
The water gathers in the hollow portion of B and C due to the process of osmosis . Concentration of solute ( sugar in cup B and salt in cup C ) is higher inside the cup than water . Hence water flow from a reason of high concentration to the region of low concentration.
ii . Ans- potato A act as reference of control for the experiment , which help in comparing result.
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