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Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India in 1915. He started opposing the unjust British Government by a novel method of Satyagrah. Satyagraha was a novel method of mass agitation. The idea of Satyagraha emphasized upon the power of truth and the need to search for truth. It suggested that if the cause was true and if the struggle was against injustice, then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
Through non-violent methods a Satyagraha could appeal the conscience of the oppressor by the power of truth, which was bound to win.
The following are the places with incidents where Mahatma Gandhi organised Satyagrah Movements :
• Champaran - In 1916 , Mahatma Gandhi travelled to Champaran in Bihar to organize a satyagrah movement for the peasants against the oppressive plantation system.
• Kheda - In 1917, Mahatma Gandhi organised a satyagrah movement to support the peasants of the Kheda district of Gujarat. This movement was organised in Kheda itself. Affected by crop failure and a plague epidemic, the peasants of Kheda could nor pay the revenue, and were demanding that revenue collection be relaxed.
• Ahmedabad - In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi organised a satyagrah movement in Ahmedabad, Gujarat for cotton mill workers against the owners of the mills .
• Bombay - Gandhiji in 1919 launched a nation-wide satyagrah movement against the Rowlatt Act in Bombay. This was also called as Anti-Rowlatt Satyagrah. Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience against such unjust laws, which started with a hartal on 6th April. Rallies were organised in various cities, workers went on strike in railway workshops and shops closed down.