please do Question Q2 Write short notes (History)
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[1] In British India, the(1878) was enacted to curtail the freedom of the Indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80).[1] The act was proposed by Lord Lytton, then Viceroy of India, and was unanimously passed by the Viceroy's Council on 14 March 1878. The act excluded English-language publications as it was meant to control seditious writing in 'publications in Oriental languages' everywhere in the country, except for the South.But the British totally discriminated the Indian Press.
The act empowered the government to impose restrictions on the press in the following ways:
1.) Modelled on the Irish press act, this act provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the Vernacular press.
2.) From now on the government kept regular track of Vernacular newspapers.
3.) When a report published in the newspaper was judged as seditious, the newspaper was warned.
4.)No Indian was allowed to carry arms without license.
[2]a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social change, or a member of a political party or section of a party pursuing such aims.
[3]The Rowlatt Act was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in London on March 10, 1919, indefinitely extending "emergency measures" enacted during the First World War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy in India. Passed on the recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee and named after its president, British judge Sir Sidney Rowlatt, this act effectively authorized the government to imprison any person suspected of terrorism living in the Raj for up to two years without a trial, and gave the imperial authorities power to deal with all revolutionary activities. The unpopular legislation provided for stricter control of the press, arrests without warrant, indefinite detention without trial, and juryless in camera trials for proscribed political acts. The accused were denied the right to know the accusers and the evidence used in the trial. Those convicted were required to deposit securities upon release, and were prohibited from taking part in any political, educational, or religious activities.
The act empowered the government to impose restrictions on the press in the following ways:
1.) Modelled on the Irish press act, this act provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the Vernacular press.
2.) From now on the government kept regular track of Vernacular newspapers.
3.) When a report published in the newspaper was judged as seditious, the newspaper was warned.
4.)No Indian was allowed to carry arms without license.
[2]a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social change, or a member of a political party or section of a party pursuing such aims.
[3]The Rowlatt Act was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in London on March 10, 1919, indefinitely extending "emergency measures" enacted during the First World War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy in India. Passed on the recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee and named after its president, British judge Sir Sidney Rowlatt, this act effectively authorized the government to imprison any person suspected of terrorism living in the Raj for up to two years without a trial, and gave the imperial authorities power to deal with all revolutionary activities. The unpopular legislation provided for stricter control of the press, arrests without warrant, indefinite detention without trial, and juryless in camera trials for proscribed political acts. The accused were denied the right to know the accusers and the evidence used in the trial. Those convicted were required to deposit securities upon release, and were prohibited from taking part in any political, educational, or religious activities.
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