Please explain Sudgen rule of singlet linkage :)
Answers
Answer:
Sudgen supported the theory of octet rule by saying that the Concept of octet can never be disobeyed as was overruled by Sidgewick by announcing the maximum rule of co-valency.
Sudgen took into account the example of phosphorous pentachloride and told that out of five bonds two are singlet i.e., made by sharing of one electron between two atoms donated by only one participant
Let us take a common day example. Let us say that 2 people are deciding to carpool. Only one person will bring the car whereas the other person will have no contribution towards it.
Answer:
There were two concepts :
According to Sidgwick, the maximum covalence of an element is limited according to the period, in the periodic table, in which it occurs, e.g. it is 2 for hydrogen, 4 for the elements of the second period (Li to F), 6 for those of the third and fourth periods and 8 for the rest. This theory can explain bonding in PCl5 and SF6 since maximum capacity of the valency orbits of sulphur and phosphorus is 12 to 10 respectively.
Sudgen beleives differently than sidgwick. According to him maximum no of electrons in valency orbit cannot exceeds eight. There he introduced a new union where one electron is shared between two atoms, which he termed as singlet linkage or simply singlet. He also named it single electron linkage or half bond. Singlet linkage is indicated by a dotted line arrow or half arrow. Singlet linkage results between atoms, one of which possesses octet of electrons and can donate some of the electrons (single in each case) to other atoms each of which is short of only one electron form inert gas configuration.
Explanation: