Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

(a) Chlorine atom (Cl) has atomic number 17. It contains 17 protons and 17 electrons.

Chlorine ion (Cl-) is formed when Cl gains one electron.

So, Cl- has 18 electrons and 17 protons.

Therefore, the electronic configuration of Cl- = 2, 8, 8.

(b) Atomic number of Cl- = Number of protons = 17

Mass number of Cl- will be the same as Cl i.e. 35.

(c) Valency is defined as the combining capacity of an atom.

For a non-metallic element, it is equal to eight minus the number of electrons present in outermost shell.

Here, Cl- has 8 electrons in the outermost shell, therefore valency of Cl- = 8 - 8 = 0

OR

(a) (i) 5 is the atomic number.

10 is the atomic mass number.

(ii) Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number

= 10 - 5

= 5

(b) Let the percentage of begin mathsize 12px style straight B presubscript 5 presuperscript 10 end style be y in the sample.

Let the percentage of begin mathsize 12px style straight B presubscript 5 presuperscript 11 end style will be (100 - y)

Explanation:

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