Question

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1) What are the characteristics of the states of matter ? Explain

Answer 1

Answer:

Characteristics of states of matter are:

1. Matter can exist in one of three main states: solid, liquid, or gas.

2. Solid matter is composed of tightly packed particles. A solid will retain its shape; the particles are not free to move around.

3. Liquid matter is made of more loosely packed particles. It will take the shape of its container. Particles can move about within a liquid, but they are packed densely enough that volume is maintained.

4. Gaseous matter is composed of particles packed so loosely that it has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume. A gas can be compressed.

Explanation:

Solid is a substance that retains its size and shape without a container; a substance whose molecules cannot move freely except to vibrate.

Gas is a substance that can only be contained if it is fully surrounded by a container (or held together by gravitational pull); a substance whose molecules have negligible intermolecular interactions and can move freely.

Liquid is a substance that flows and keeps no definite shape because its molecules are loosely packed and constantly moving. It takes the shape of its container but maintains constant volume.

Answer 2

Answer:

Solid:

• Solids have a definite shape and definite volume.
• Solids have many number of free surfaces.
• Solids have very small intermolecular spaces.
• Solids have very large intermolecular forces.
• The density of solids is generally high.

Liquid:

• Liquids have definite volume but, no definite shape.
• Liquids have only one definite free surface.
• The intermolecular forces of liquids is less than solids. Thus, liquids can flow.
• The intermolecular spaces in liquids are larger than in solids.
• The density of liquids is relatively less than solids.

Gas:

• Gases have no definite shape or volume.
• Gases can be compressed.
• Gases have no free surface.
• Gases have very very large intermolecular spaces as compared to solids and liquids.
• Gases have negligible intermolecular forces.

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