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Answers
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☆ Bases are metals hydroxides
As
1- NaOH sodium hydroxide the metals is sodium Na
2- kOH potassium hydroxide the metal is potassium K
3- Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide the metal is magnesium Mg
4- Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide the metal is aluminium AL
☆ Acides are formed by hydrogen linked with nonmetal as
1- HCl hydrochloric acid the nonmetal is chlorine Cl
2- HNO3 Nitric acid the non metal is nitrogen N
3- HF hydroflouric acid the nonmetal is flourine F
4- H3PO4 phosphuric acid= orthophosphoric acid the nonmetal is phosphorus P
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(ii) Sovereign. People have supreme right to make decisions on internal as well as external matters. No external power can dictate the government of India.
(iii) Socialist. Wealth is generated socially and should be shared equally by society. Government should regulate the ownership of land and industry to reduce socio-economic inequalities.
(iv) Secular. Citizens have complete freedom to follow any religion. But there is no official religion. Government treats all religious beliefs and practices with equal respect.
(v) Democratic. A form of government where people enjoy equal political rights, elect their rulers and hold them accountable.
(vi) Republic. The head of the state is an elected person and not a hereditary position.
(vii) Justice. Citizens cannot be discriminated on the grounds of caste, religion and gender. Social inequalities have to be reduced.
(viii) Liberty. There are no unreasonable restrictions on the citizens in what they think, how they wish to express their thoughts and the way they wish to follow up their thoughts in action.
(ix) Equality. All are equal before the law. The government should ensure equal opportunity to all.
(x) Fraternity. All of us should behave as if we are members of the same family. No one should treat a fellow citizen as inferior.
2. Types of unemployment found in India are:
(i) Disguised unemployment: In disguised unemployment, people appear to be employed while actually they are not adding to the productivity. This usually happens among family members engaged in agricultural activity.
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(iii) Educated unemployment: It has become a common phenomenon in urban areas. Many youth with matriculation, graduation and post graduation degrees are not able to find jobs. A study showed that unemployment of graduates and post graduates has increased faster than among matriculate youths.
3. (i) A child's overall growth largely depends on his education and health. He, with investment made on his education and health, will be able to get high return in the future in the form of higher earnings and greater contributions to society.✨✨