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chapter Air and pollution
class 8
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Answers
Answer:
A1. Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land.
2.The three major types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. Sometimes, air pollution is visible. A person can see dark smoke pour from the exhaust pipes of large trucks or factories, for example. More often, however, air pollution is invisible.
3.Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
4.There are four main types of air pollution sources: mobile sources – such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains.
5.Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
LONG
1. A greenhouse is a structure with walls and roof made chiefly of transparent material, such as glass, in which plants requiring regulated climatic conditions are grown. These structures range in size from small sheds to industrial-sized buildings. A miniature greenhouse is known as a cold frame.One of these is carbon dioxide, a common part of the exhaust from cars and trucks. Greenhouse gases cause global warming by trapping heat from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. ... The increase comes from car exhaust and pollutants released from smokestacks at factories and power plants.
2.Ozone protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the Sun. Without the Ozone layer in the atmosphere, life on Earth would be very difficult.Human activities cause ozone depletion and global warming
Ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons—gases formerly found in aerosol spray cans and refrigerants—are released into the atmosphere.
3.They can even lead to a person's death. Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema. Air pollution can also cause long-term damage to people's nerves, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs
4.Causes of Water Pollution
the physical disturbance of land due to construction of houses, industries, roads, etc.;
chemical pollution from industries, mines, etc.;
inadequate sewage collection and treatment;
increase in fertilisers to grow more food. ...
litter, which causes disease and has a negative visual impact.
5.Harmful algal blooms, dead zones, and fish kills are the results of a process called eutrophication — which occurs when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients, increasing the amount of plant and algae growth to estuaries and coastal waters.
6.Dispose of Toxic Chemicals Properly: ...
Shop with Water Pollution in Mind: ...
Do Not Pour Fat and Grease Down the Drain: ...
Use Phosphate-Free Detergent and Dish Cleaner: ...
Check Your Sump Pump or Cellar Drain: ...
Dispose of Medical Waste Properly: ...
Eat More Organic Food: ...
Report Water Polluters:
7.1986 with the main objective of pollution abatement, to improve the water quality by Interception, Diversion and treatment of domestic sewage and present toxic and industrial chemical wastes from identified grossly polluting units entering in to the river. The other objectives of the Ganga Action Plan are as under.
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Answer:
1.the harmful substance in our life making them impure and unfit for use is called pollution. 2.the different kinds of pollution are :. water air soil noise 3. the oxides of sulphur and nitrogen present as pollutants in the air react with the water present in the atmosphere to from sulphuric and nitric acids. these acids come down with rain, making rainwater significantly acidic. 4.two sources of air pollution are soot and cfcs.