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Who was the French philosopher and writer who criticized injustices in religion and politics and believed people should be free to use their reason and make up their own minds about religion, philosophy, and politics?
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Answer: Alexis de Tocqueville was born in 1805 into an aristocratic family recently rocked by Frances revolutionary upheavals. Both of his parents had been jailed during the Reign of Terror. After attending college in Metz, Tocqueville studied law in Paris and was appointed a magistrate in Versailles, where he met his future wife and befriended a fellow lawyer named Gustave de Beaumont.
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For Voltaire, those equipped to understand their own reason could find the proper course of free action themselves. But since many were incapable of such self-knowledge and self-control, religion, he claimed, was a necessary guarantor of social order.
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