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Answer:
A man of blood group AB marries a woman of blood group O. What are the possible blood groups of their children?
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In order to determine the blood types of the offspring, you have to make assumptions about the blood types of the parents. The obvious, introductory level interpretation is that 50% of the sperm carry the A gene, and 50% carry the B gene, while 100% of the eggs are type O (Io, but for simplicity I will call them type O).
The second way involves a situation where the A and the B genes are inherited together, called cis-AB.
The third is where the alleles are A, B or O, so the mother actually has a blood type other than type O, but expression is repressed by lack of the enzyme Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase 1, coded for by the FUT1 gene, called para-Bombay phenotype. The mother actually has a blood type other than O, but she will test as type O due to the methods used to type blood. (Note: FUT1 deficiency is not an actual blood type.) When the offspring receives a functional FUT1 gene from the father, the repressed allele is expressed.
There are three possible ways to determine the offspring using the Punnet Square method, as determined by the two possible genotypes of the father. The first possibility is that he has the A gene and the B gene on the corresponding locus of each chromosome 9, the usual mode of inheritance:
