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Answers
Answer: 1) Southwest monsoon winds.
Sun's rays fall vertically to the North of the equator during certain months due to the tilt of the earth's axis. This leads to an increase in the temperature along the region through which Tropic of cancer passes. The pressure belts also shifts slightly Northwards in accordance with this. The southeast trade winds also cross the equator and moves towards the north as the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone ( ITCZ ) moves northwards during the summer in the Northern hemisphere. As the trade winds cross the equator, they get deflected and are transformed into SOUTHWEST MONSOON WINDS due to Coriolis effect.
2) SORRY , I DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER.
3) (i) Equinox :- On these days the sun is directly above the equator which leads to equal length of day and nights in both the hemispheres.
(ii) Summer Solstice :- On these days the sun is directly above the Tropic of Cancer which leads to longest day and shortest nights in the northern hemisphere.
(iii) Winter Solstice :- On this days the sun is directly above the Tropic of Capricorn which leads to shortest day and longest night in the southern hemisphere .
Explanation: