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Explanation:
1. H+ ions in aqueous solution are responsible for acidic character. HCl, HNO3, etc. give H+ ions in water while alcohol and glucose do not give H+ ion in water. Therefore, alcohol and glucose do not show acidic character.
2. The aqueous solution of an acid conducts electricity due to the presence of charged particles called ions in it.
3. Dry HCl gas does not give H+ ions and therefore does not change the colour of dry litmus paper.
4. While diluting an acid it is recommended that the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid because if water is added to concentrated acid to dilute it, then a large amount of heat is evolved at once. This heat changes some of the water to steam explosively which can splash the acid on one’s face or clothes and cause acid burns.
5. When a given amount of an acid is added to water, there is a fixed number of hydronium ions per volume of the solution. On dilution, the number of hydronium ions per volume decreases and concentration decreases.
6. The concentration of hydroxide ions will increase when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide, but it happens to a limited extent only after which the concentration becomes almost constant.
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