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1.SHORT NOTE ON INDICATOR WITH EXAMPLES-
Indicators are substances that change their color when they come in contact with acids or bases.
ex. litmus paper, phenolphthalein, methyl orange etc...
ph scale is an universal indicator.It states it nature(acidic/basic/neutral) and also shows its strength .It is helpful in showing the properties of the substances.
4. INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS-Carnivorous plants are plants which get nutrients from trapping and eating animals. They are often called insectivorous plants, because they usually trap insects. Since they get some of their food from animals, carnivorous plants can grow in places where the soil is thin, or poor in nutrients. This is true for soils with little nitrogen, such as acidic bogs and rock outcrops. Charles Darwin wrote the first well-known book on carnivorous plants in 1875.[1]
This ability of plants to catch animals is true carnivory. There are more than twelve genera in five families. These include about 625 species that attract and trap prey, produce digestive enzymes, and use their nutrients. In addition, there are more than 300 species in several genera that show some but not all of these characteristics. These are usually called protocarnivorous plants.
Trapping mechanisms
Insectivorous plants have leaves that are made like pitchers or bladders which catch insects. Today, five different ways of trapping are known
Pitfall traps (pitcher plants) trap prey in a rolled leaf that has a pool of digestive enzymes or bacteria.
Flypaper traps use sticky mucilage.
Snap traps use rapid leaf movements.
Bladderworts suck in prey with a bladder that produces an internal vacuum.
Lobster-pot traps force prey to move towards a digestive organ with inward-pointing hairs.